惯用搭配

• 搭配是单词的自然组合，因为这些搭配的意思通常难以猜测，所以必须努力学习
• 一些搭配在英语为母语的人听起来就是「不对」，比如：fast cars 而不是 quick cars

• 一些搭配是固定的，比如 take a photo，换其他词都会改变意思
• 有的比较开放，比如：keep to / stick to the rules
• make an effort，不用 do：You must make an effort and study for your exams.
• watch TV，不用 look at
• powerful engine 而不用 strong
• ancient monument 不用 antique（古董的）
• 最自然的表达：smoking is strictly forbidden 比 smoking is strongly forbidden 更自然
• 更生动、更传神更准确：It was bitterly cold and pitch dark，而不用重复地说 It was very cold and very dark.
• 改进写作风格：poverty breeds crime 代替 poverty causes crime；a substantial meal 代替 a big meal

搭配类型

形容词和名词

• bright color
• brief chat
• major problem
• key issue

名词和动词

• The economy boomed in the 1990s.
• The company has grown and now employs 50 more people than last year.
• company has expanded
• The two companies merged
• launched the product
• The price increase poses a problem for us. (is a problem)
• created opportunities

名词 + 名词

• a surge of anger
  • surge /sɜːrdʒ/ n. (感情等)洋溢, 奔放
• a sense of pride
• a pang of nostalgia
  • pang n. 突然的剧痛
  • nostalgia /nəˈstældʒə/ n. 对往事的怀恋, 怀旧
  • I felt a pang of nostalgia when I saw the old photos of the village where I grew up.

动词和介词短语

动词和副词

副词和形容词

• happily married 幸福的婚姻
• fully aware 充分意识到
• blissfully unaware 充满喜悦地毫不知情
  • blissfully /'blisfuli/ adv. 幸福地,充满喜悦地

语域

pretty awful, pretty dreadful, pretty dull 听起来就很不正式，典型的口语说法

• 口头英语
  • bored stiff 正式用法: extremely bored
  • give me a ring 正式用法: give me a phone call
• 正式英语
• 报刊英语
• 商务英语
  • to submit a tender 提交投标书
    • Builders will then be sent the specifications and asked to submit a tender for the work. 然后建筑商们将会接到设计说明并被邀请参与此项工程的投标。
  • to raise capital 筹集资金
    • ability to raise capital 融资能力
  • to go into partnership with someone 合伙:与某人合伙
    • partnership /ˈpɑːrtnərʃɪp/
  • to start up a business 开办企业

语法特点

特殊问题